Africa-Europe Tunnel Plan Gains Traction Amid Global Risk

A major infrastructure project between Spain and Morocco is gaining fresh attention as global trade routes face rising risks. The two countries are working on a long-discussed plan to build a subsea rail tunnel under the Strait of Gibraltar, which would directly connect Africa and Europe.

The proposed tunnel is expected to cost between €15 billion and €20 billion and could become one of the most important transport links in the region. The project aims to reduce dependence on vulnerable global shipping routes such as the Strait of Hormuz, which has recently faced geopolitical tensions and disruptions. These risks have pushed countries to explore safer and more reliable trade alternatives.

According to project plans, the tunnel would stretch about 42 kilometres, including nearly 27 kilometres under the sea. It would connect Punta Paloma in southern Spain to Cape Malabata near Tangier in Morocco. Once completed, the rail link could allow both passengers and goods to travel between the two continents in around 30 minutes, significantly reducing transit time.

The idea of linking Europe and Africa through this route is not new. It dates back to an agreement signed in 1979, but progress has been slow due to technical and financial challenges. Recent studies, including those by engineering experts, have confirmed that the tunnel is technically possible with current technology. Authorities are now working on detailed designs, with approvals potentially expected in the coming years.

The project could bring major economic benefits by turning North Africa into a key logistics hub. It would improve trade flows between African production centres and European markets, helping strengthen supply chains and reduce delays caused by global disruptions. It also supports broader regional trade goals and economic integration efforts.

However, the project still faces serious engineering challenges. The Strait of Gibraltar is known for its deep waters, strong currents, and heavy ship traffic. Engineers must also deal with complex geological conditions, including unstable rock layers and seismic activity in the region. These factors make construction highly complex and costly.

Despite these challenges, the tunnel is seen as a strategic long-term investment. As global trade continues to face uncertainty, projects like this could play a crucial role in building more secure and efficient connections between continents.