Australia is set to become the first country in the world to restrict social media access for anyone under the age of 16. The move comes under the Online Safety Amendment, passed in November 2024, aimed at addressing the growing link between social media use and youth mental health challenges.
Under the law, social media platforms will have one year to comply, with all underage accounts expected to be deactivated by December 10, 2025.
AI-Based Age Estimation Instead of Verification
Unlike traditional age verification systems that rely on ID checks, the Australian government plans to use artificial intelligence and behavioral data to estimate a user’s age.
This system will assess how users interact with content, their language patterns, and engagement behavior to determine if they meet the age requirement.
Platforms such as YouTube, Instagram, TikTok, and Facebook will be required to adopt these AI-driven methods rather than collecting or verifying personal data directly.
Google Raises Concerns Over Accuracy and Implementation
Tech giant Google has expressed concerns about the accuracy and fairness of this new approach.
Rachel Lord, YouTube’s senior manager for government affairs in Australia, said that while protecting young users is important, AI-based age estimation “could easily make mistakes — blocking legitimate teenage users or failing to detect underage ones.”
She also noted that banning access may not guarantee children’s safety online. According to Google, the focus should be on empowering parents, enhancing digital literacy, and expanding built-in safety features that filter harmful or age-inappropriate content.
YouTube Now Included Under New Rules
Initially, YouTube was expected to be exempt due to its heavy use for educational purposes. However, the final version of the law now includes the platform under its restrictions.
Google argues that YouTube operates primarily as a video-sharing platform, not a social media network, and warns that applying the same compliance rules may be difficult.
Balancing Safety and Accessibility
While the Australian government insists the measure is designed to protect youth mental health and safety, many experts suggest that blanket restrictions may not be the most effective path forward.
Digital safety advocates recommend balanced solutions — including robust parental monitoring tools, education programs, and mental health support initiatives — to help children navigate the online world responsibly.
As Australia moves ahead with this unprecedented regulation, the global tech industry and other governments will be watching closely to see how effectively the new system can balance safety, privacy, and access in the digital age.
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